Plastic crystal is a kind of solid material with both crystalline and liquid properties. It can be regarded as the intermediate transition state of the material in the process of crystal to liquid transition. It shows the characteristics of long-range lattice order and short-range orientation disorder in the structure. This structural feature leads to plastic crystals tend to exhibit more unique properties, such as greater ion mobility and higher electrical conductivity, and thus has attracted people's research interest in the fields of lithium ion batteries, fuel sensitized batteries, and the like. However, the research on the photoelectric properties of plastic crystal materials is still relatively lacking, especially the regulation of macroscopic photoelectric properties of materials is still very rare.
Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials Chemistry and Physics, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Luo Junhua Group of Talented Persons of the Fujian Outstanding Youth Fund and the Haixi Research Institute “Spring Miao†Talented by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the “Hundred Talents Program†and associate researcher Sun Zhihua of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Under the support of special projects and other projects, using the structural characteristics of the plastic crystals, a strong polarization effect was induced based on the plastic phase transition process of the material, and a reversible “on/off†modulation of the nonlinear optical effect of the crystal material was achieved. 150 times the multiplier switch ratio. Through variable-temperature single-crystal diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, variable temperature calorimetry, and variable temperature scalar solid NMR, the structural origin of the spontaneous polarization of the plastic molecular crystal material was revealed, and the “non-linear optical effect†was elucidated. The mechanism of interaction, related research results are published in the form of communication on J. Am. Chem. Soc. (2015, DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b11088). The results of this research provide new methods for the development of new polar-optical functional molecular crystals. The research ideas will also help to further expand the application of plastic crystal materials.
Previously, the research team has made a series of research progress in polar optoelectronic functional crystals. The phase transition of the solid structure based on molecular materials induces a strong spontaneous polarization effect, and then the application of the material is extended to pyroelectric detection (Adv. Mater., 2015, 27, 4795) and a non-linear frequency multiplication switch (Adv. Mater.). , 2013, 25, 4159; Adv. Opt. Mater. 2014, 2, 1199), Fe-polarization (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2012, 51, 3871) and dielectric constant modulation (Adv. Funct. Mater (2012, 22, 4855) and other fields, and attempted to develop thin-film device-based research on photoelectron crystalline materials (Chem. Mater. 2015, 27, 4493); and in borate (J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2015, 137, 2207; Nat. Commun., 2014, 5, 4019) and Phosphate (J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2014, 136(24), 8560; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed , 2015, 54(14), 4217) Deep ultraviolet nonlinear optical crystal materials have also made a series of research progress.
The main phase of lithium silicon alloy is Li13Si4, lithium silicon alloy is dark gray metal solid powder, and its property is extremely unstable, it reacts strongly with water to produce large amounts of heat and hydrogen, spontaneously ignites in moist air. Due to its advantages of safety, stability and low cost, lithium silicon alloy is the most commonly used anode material of thermal battery.
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