What are the common plastic additives?

Additives are chemicals that are dispersed in the molecular structure of a plastic and do not seriously affect the molecular structure of the plastic, but can improve its properties or reduce costs. The addition of additives can promote plastics to improve the processing, physical, chemical and other functions of the substrate and increase the physical and chemical properties of the substrate. Let's take a look at the classification of common plastic additives , as follows:

Plasticizer

Most synthetic resins have plasticity, but the plasticity is not the same. In order to make the resin easy to plasticize and impart softness to the product, some low molecular substances are generally added to the resin. These low molecular substances are called plasticizers. Plasticizers are liquid or low melting materials and should have good miscibility with the resin. Commonly used plasticizers are phthalic acid esters, aliphatic dibasic acid esters, phosphate esters, chlorinated paraffins, and the like.

2. Colorant

The colorant-containing additive added to the material to beautify and decorate the plastic is called a colorant.

3. Filler

It is added to the plastic compound to reduce the cost, and sometimes it can also improve the physical properties of the plastic. The relatively inert substance such as hardness, stiffness and impact strength is called filler. The most commonly used fillers are clays, silicates, talc, carbonates, and the like.

4. Heat stabilizer

An additive that blocks the degradation of plastics due to heat. Because of the high heat sensitivity of polyvinyl chloride, heat stabilizers are mostly used in the compounding of polyvinyl chloride plastics. According to the chemical structure, it can be divided into lead salt, mixed metal salt, organotin and specific use. The correct synergy can be achieved by the correct selection and combination of heat stabilizers. In order to meet the specific requirements of non-toxicity and high weather resistance, the research of heat stabilizers focuses on the development of new varieties of mixed metal salts and organotin compounds, varieties that use less heavy metals and improve stability, and low toxicity with synergistic effects. Or a non-toxic composite variety.

Lubricant

In plastic processing, it can reduce the friction between plastic particles, the friction between plastic macromolecules, the adhesion of plastic to the metal surface of processing equipment, and the additives to improve the fluidity of plastic melt and improve processing efficiency. Lubricants are an essential additive especially in the processing of polyvinyl chloride. Its role can be divided into two categories: the role between the plastic particles before melting and between the plastic melt and the metal surface of the processing equipment after melting, called the external lubrication; after melting, between the plastic macromolecules The role of this is called internal lubrication. Some lubricants work in between. Almost all lubricants work in a way that changes with the other components of the plastic.

6. Antistatic agent

Also known as static elimination agent. An additive that is mixed into plastic or coated on the surface of a plastic article to reduce the surface resistance and moderately impart conductivity, thereby eliminating or preventing the danger of static charge accumulation. Most of the antistatic agents are ionic and nonionic surfactants. There are four main mechanisms of action: hydrophilic groups increase the hygroscopicity of plastic products, form a monomolecular conductive film layer; increase the ion concentration on the surface of the product, improve its conductivity; increase the dielectric properties between the friction bodies; increase The surface smoothness of the product reduces its coefficient of friction.

According to the method of use, it can be divided into two types: coated type and internal type. The coated antistatic agent can be applied to the surface of the product by various coating methods, and has quick effect and wide adaptability, but is easily lost due to friction and washing, and therefore has only a short-term antistatic effect. The internal antistatic agent can be directly mixed into the plastic, and after being uniformly dispersed, it has a long-lasting antistatic effect, so it is generally used.

7. Antioxidants

Also known as antioxidants. It can inhibit or delay the deterioration of the appearance and intrinsic properties of plastics and products caused by heat, light, mechanical stress, electric field and heavy metal ions contained in additives in the manufacture, processing, application and storage of plastics. It has a wide variety. According to the chemical structure, it can be divided into five categories: phenols, amines, phosphorus compounds, sulfur compounds and organic metal salts. Depending on the mechanism of action, phenols and amines are also known as primary antioxidants, and compounds containing phosphorus and sulfur are also known as secondary antioxidants. The main antioxidant acts to capture the active free radicals generated in the oxidative degradation, thereby interrupting the chain degradation reaction and achieving the purpose of oxidation resistance. The role of the co-oxidant is to decompose the oxidatively degraded intermediate into a non-radical product. Usually, the primary and secondary antioxidants are used in combination to achieve the best antioxidant effect through mutual synergistic effects. The main direction of antioxidant research is to improve antioxidant efficiency, durability and compatibility.

8. Light stabilizer

An additive capable of suppressing or attenuating the photodegradation or photoaging of plastics due to absorption of ultraviolet light, and prolonging the use and storage life of plastic products. The mechanism consists in shielding the source of optical radiation, absorbing and dissipating ultraviolet radiation that can cause degradation of the plastic, or dissipating the excited state energy on the plastic molecules. The light stabilizer can be mixed in the plastic compounding. Commonly used light stabilizers are: salicylates, benzophenones, benzotriazoles, substituted acrylonitriles, triazines and organic complexes.

9. Blowing agent

A large amount of gas can be produced under certain conditions to form an additive into a continuous or discontinuous microporous structure. A plastic having such a microporous structure is called a foamed plastic or a microporous plastic.

10. Flame retardant

An additive that prevents plastic from igniting or inhibiting the spread of flame. Mostly inorganic or organic compounds containing halogen, phosphorus, antimony, boron, aluminum and other elements. According to the way of its use, it can be divided into two types: reactive type and additive type. The reactive flame retardant acts as a monomer to participate in the polymerization of the synthetic resin, and has little effect on the properties of the plastic. The added type flame retardant is mixed into the synthetic resin in a general compounding process in a plastic compounding process, which is convenient to use and strong in adaptability, but often affects the performance of the plastic. Most flame retardants often perform their functions in a variety of mechanisms. Therefore, several flame retardants are often used simultaneously to achieve the best synergistic effect. Since plastics are increasingly used in industrial fields such as construction, automobiles, and airplanes, and the requirements for flame retardancy are becoming stricter, the research on the synergistic formulation of flame retardants has become an important topic for practical research.

11. Impact-resistant modifier

The impact-resistant modifier is usually added in a compounding manner to improve the impact resistance of the plastic. Impact-resistant modifiers often affect the heat resistance, flowability, or processability of plastics, and must be carefully selected.

Calcium Chloride Description :

Calcium chloride is an inorganic salt, which exists as solid or liquid. Solid calcium chloride is a white, crystal substance in the form of flake, granule, pellet or powder. With different crystallized water contents, it can be dihydrate or anhydrous. Liquid calcium chloride is a colorless, clear solution. As calcium chloride has such properties as quick dissolving, exothermic ability, attracting moisture from the air and surroundings, dissolving at very low temperature

Calcium Chloride Application :

1. They are widely used in highway, expressway, parking lot and port to melting snow and ice.

2. Used as dryer, as anti-fog, and anti-dust agent also fireproof agent

3. Protective agent and refining agent for petroleum/oil field.

4. Pigment assistance agent of textile. It is a kind of raw material.

5. It acts as flocculation in water treatment.

6. Be used in waste paper processing as removing printing ink agent.

7. As anti-freezing agent.

8. As dehydration agent.

9. Food additive: as cryogen are used in ice cream, as stable agent/coagulant used in bean products, drink and beer.

94% calcium chloride pellet

Calcium Chloride 74% pellets/granulars

Calcium Chloride 77% , 74% Flakes

Calcium Chloride Specification

Item	Standard
Item	74% Flakes/Granular	77% Flakes/Granular
Calcium chloride as CaCl2	â‰¥74%	â‰¥77%
Total alkali chloride as NaCl	â‰¤7.0%	â‰¤5.0%
Total magnesium as Mgci2	â‰¤0.5%	â‰¤0.5%
Alkalinity as Ca(OH)2	â‰¤0.4%	â‰¤0.4%
Insoluble in water	â‰¤0.3%	â‰¤0.2%

Item	Standard
Item	94% Prills	94% Powder
Calcium chloride	â‰¥94.0%	â‰¥94.0%
Magnesium and alkali chloride(NaCl)	â‰¤5.5%	â‰¤3.5%
Water insolubles	â‰¤0.2%	â‰¤0.2%
Alkalinity[Ca(OH)2]	â‰¤0.35%	â‰¤0.3%
Sulfate(CaSO4)	â‰¤0.2%	â‰¤0.2%
FE	â‰¤0.1%	â‰¤0.1%

Calcium Chloride Package

25KG/ 1000KG PP woven bag

Calcium Chloride

Calcium Chloride,Calcium Chloride Flakes,Calcium Chloride Pellets,Calcium Chloride Dihydrate

Shandong Tiancheng Chemical Co., Ltd. , https://www.tianchengchemical.com