The structure of the building is the foundation. If the foundation is unstable, it will be easy to collapse and cause casualties are incalculable. Therefore, any architect or building structural engineer needs several years of experience to accumulate, plus a qualification certificate to approve a project. In addition, basic masonry structure acceptance specifications must be known. Any party that does not comply with masonry structure acceptance criteria is considered to be in breach of contract and ultimately compensates for the loss. A contractor has contracted a real estate building contractor to receive the acceptance of the basic masonry structure. If there is a problem with the acceptance of the basic masonry structure, the builder must be satisfied with the other party's requirements and be satisfied before he can complete the remaining construction money.
What is a masonry structure
What is a masonry structure? Masonry is a wall or column made of blocks or mortar. Including: brickwork, block masonry, stone masonry and wall masonry, in general engineering construction, masonry accounts for about 1/2 of the weight of the entire building, and labor and cost account for about 1/3 each. , is an important material for construction projects. China's dominant brick masonry sintered earth brick has a history of more than 2,000 years, and it is also referred to as “Qin brick and tileâ€. This masonry material requires a large amount of clay as a raw material. In order to effectively protect cultivated land, the state requires that no clay brick be used. Masonry materials are moving in the direction of full use of various industrial wastes, lightweight, high-strength, hollow, bulk, and multi-functional.
Masonry structure advantages
1. Easy to draw on the spot. The bricks are mainly fired with clay; the raw materials of stone are natural stones; the blocks can be made from industrial wastes—slags, with convenient sources and low prices.
2. Brick, stone or block masonry has good fire resistance and better durability.
3. Masonry masonry does not require formwork and special construction equipment, which saves wood. The masonry on the new masonry can bear a certain load, so it can be continuously constructed. In cold areas, the winter can be constructed by freezing method without special insulation measures.
4. The brick walls and block walls can insulate and insulate and have obvious energy saving effects. Therefore, it is not only a better load-bearing structure, but also a good enclosure structure. 5 When blocks or large plates are used as walls, the weight of the structure can be reduced, the construction progress can be accelerated, and industrial production and construction can be carried out.
Masonry structure defects
1. Compared with steel and concrete, the strength of masonry is low, so the cross-sectional dimensions of the components are large, and the amount of materials used is large and self-important.
2. Masonry masonry is basically a manual method with a large amount of construction work.
3. The tensile and shear strength of masonry are very low, so the earthquake resistance is relatively poor, and it is limited in use; the compressive strength of bricks and stones can not be fully exerted; the resistance to bending is low.
4. Clay bricks need to be made of clay, which will occupy too much farmland in some areas and affect agricultural production.
Masonry structure acceptance specification
1. Materials used in masonry projects must have product qualification certificates and product performance test reports. Blocks, cements, steel bars, admixtures, etc. should still report the re-inspection of the main performance of the material. It is forbidden to use materials that have been explicitly cancelled by the State.
2. Before the masonry foundation is built, the size of the pay-off line shall be checked and the allowable deviation shall comply with the requirements of the table.
Allowable deviation of line size
Length L, width B (m) allowable deviation (mm) length L, width B (m) allowable deviation (mm)
L (or B) ≤ 30±560
3090±20
Additional explanation: The basic laying of the masonry line is the basic work for the determination of the building plane. Checking the laying line size and controlling the line laying accuracy before the masonry foundation is of great significance in the construction of the building.
The masonry sequence should meet the following requirements:
1. The elevation of the base should be different from that of the base, and it should be erected from a height to a low point. When the design is not required, the overlap length should not be less than the height of the base expansion.
2. Masonry corners and junctions should be built at the same time. When it is not possible to build masonry at the same time, it is required to stay and pick up.
Supplementary explanation: The reasonable lap of the basic platform is important to ensure the integrity of the foundation masonry. From the perspective of force, the height of the base expansion is related to the load and endurance. Therefore, this article stipulates that the basis for a high and low platform should be erected from a low position. When there is no requirement for design, the length of the overlapping of the high and low platforms should also be stipulated.
Masonry corners and joints at the same time masonry, can ensure the integrity of the wall, thereby enhancing the seismic performance of masonry structure. From the investigation of earthquake damage, many multi-storey brick-concrete structures have caused the wall to throw out and the masonry to collapse due to poor corners and joints at the corners of the masonry. Therefore, we must pay attention to the masonry corners and junctions should be masonry. When it is not possible to build masonry at the same time, it shall be required to stay in accordance with the provisions of this Code and be properly handled.
3. Temporary construction holes shall be left on the wall. The side of the wall shall not be less than 500mm from the wall of the junction, and the net width of the hole shall not exceed 1m.
The location of the temporary construction openings of buildings in areas with seismic intensity of 9 degrees shall be determined in conjunction with the design unit.
Temporary construction holes should be made up.
Remarks: Temporary openings on the walls are limited to construction conditions. Sometimes it is inevitable. However, if the openings are not properly positioned or the openings are too large, the wall integrity must be weakened. For this reason, this article makes specific provisions for the provision of temporary construction holes on the walls.
Editor's summary: The above is the knowledge of the advantages and disadvantages of the masonry structure acceptance masonry structure. I hope to help friends who have this requirement! For more information, please continue to pay attention to our website, follow-up will show more exciting content.
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