Graphene is known as "black gold" and "king of new materials". It is even hailed as "reversing the black technology of the 21st century." Research on graphene has been ongoing, especially in energy batteries. In particular, the rise of smart phones and the rise of new energy electric vehicles have accelerated the application of graphene in this area.
In the near future, there was news of “charging 10 minutes and the use of graphene batteries that lasted for 1,000 miles,†and so on, which sparked people’s hopes. But at the second International Carbon Materials Conference, graphene experts told the truth: One-sided emphasis on fast-paced and fast-discharging is just an academic argument, and it is far from real applications. Graphene will contribute to the battery, but the so-called subversive change has not yet been seen.
In addition to the application, the preparation of graphene itself still has very serious problems. It is difficult to prepare, and there is a serious environmental pollution in the preparation process. These are graphenes that want to change from “carbon†to “black gold†and cannot be bypassed. problem. More importantly, experts said that graphene standards have not even been formulated yet, and no consensus has been reached.
Graphene power is still a bubble?
Graphene is known as "black gold" and "king of new materials" and is even hailed as "the revolutionary black technology of the 21st century." This reputation is due to the fact that graphene is the first single-layered structure of a new material made of carbon atoms. Due to the arrangement of special structures of carbon atoms, graphene has some very amazing properties: graphene is not only the hardest material in the world, but also has a strong flexibility; and it has high thermal conductivity and ultra-fast carrier migration. rate.
Any of these features will be used to subvert the current industry's technology. For example, graphene's transparency, conductivity, and flexibility in the field of electronic devices, it can realize a flexible touch screen, and the mobile phone can be folded like a wristwatch; Graphene's impermeability and conductivity can be applied to protective coatings and barrier films; graphene's flexibility, transparency, and high sensitivity to multiple physical signals can be made into sensors for use in multi-functional electronic skin; Graphene is used as an electrode material to improve the performance of the energy storage device.
Any application can be said to be a subversive revolution. In an interview with the media, Ren Zhengfei, the founder of Huawei, stated that there will be a technological revolution in the next 10 to 20 years. The graphene era will overturn the silicon era. Graphene is the frontier of the technological revolution.
Therefore, graphene development in the past ten years of our country research "graphene" companies are endless, and even promote the growth of graphene concept stocks. Shen Wanci, a professor at Tsinghua University, said: “China has the largest natural graphite industry in the world, and it is also in the world advanced level in the selection and equipment of graphite mines. The graphite industry in Tanzania, Russia, Vietnam and other countries seeks to introduce mining technology and equipment from China, China It is moving from graphite power to graphite power.
In terms of quantity, China's graphene companies have also experienced explosive growth: The 2016-2017 Annual Report on Graphene Development in China released by the China Economic Information Society shows that more than 700 new companies have been added to graphene companies in China since 2016. Of which R & D companies account for about 43%.
However, for this phenomenon, Liu Zhongfan, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and a professor at the School of Chemistry of Peking University, believes that the development of the graphene industry in China has witnessed a mass movement of “embracedâ€, similar to the steelmaking operations of the “Great Leap Forward†period. When he accepted the news, he concluded that there are many abnormalities in the graphene industry in China. The stock market blindly speculation, using graphene name money circulated; local governments blindly launched, built an industrial park; there is also a group of irresponsible speculators concept of graphene players.
Tsinghua University professor Zhu Hongwei also said in an interview with Netease Technology that the development of China's graphene industry is somewhat "excessively frantic." There are bubbles and mixed forces, but this phenomenon is an inevitable phenomenon in which things can mature and eventually they can be applied.
Charging 10 minutes of life 1000 miles? Academic argument
Obviously, "black gold" graphene is somewhat overconsumption.
Recently, Samsung released a report saying that a new battery technology based on graphene material has been developed. The battery based on graphene material will be 45% higher capacity than the current market, and it can be improved. The capacity also has a charging speed 5 times faster than the standard charging speed. Some media also interpreted it as charging 1000 minutes in 10 minutes.
In this regard, Liu Zhongfan is very neat, said that graphene research and application in lithium electronic batteries has more than 10 years of history, the idea is relatively simple, is basically blending about 10% of graphene in lithium batteries, it can be improved Conductive conditions, reduce internal resistance, improve performance, can be charged faster and higher capacity.
However, Liu Zhongfan also said that such an effect is only a small battery in the laboratory can do, if the actual use of the time, a large number of batteries integrated together it is difficult to say to achieve this effect.
"Batteries are the most important issue of security. If security cannot be guaranteed, it is not possible to use one-sided emphasis on multiple blocks. This is just an academic argument." Liu Zhongfan said, "So far, there is nothing in the use of graphene in batteries." Breakthrough is theoretically possible, but the source of graphene is too complicated, the processing method is different, and the performance produced is different. Even what we do today is different from what we do tomorrow.â€
In this regard, China's graphene industry technology innovation strategic alliance standards committee Dai Shifeng also bluntly said that the battery contains graphene does not mean that this is a graphene battery.
Graphene has not even reached consensus on the concept definition and standard.
Moreover, although graphene itself is green and does not mean that the process of producing graphene is green, the process of preparing graphene generates a large amount of environmental pollution. At present, the preparation methods of graphene mainly include mechanical peeling method, epitaxial growth method, graphite oxide reduction method, vapor deposition method and the like.
"Some preparation methods require 40-50 tons of sulfuric acid and 120-150 tons of fresh water for each ton of graphene produced, which will produce a large amount of waste acid waste." Related graphene companies revealed.
Shen Wanci also stated that in the management of the graphene industry, the graphite companies at the beginning of reform and opening up have basically no investment in environmental protection, which has caused serious pollution in the graphite industry where pollution has not been heavy, and the aftereffects remain.
Before the high-end application of graphene has yet to break, there have been serious environmental pollution problems.
In this regard, Liu Zhongfan said that business plays an important role. The environmental pollution caused by graphene can be solved at the technical level. Therefore, the problem of environmental pollution brought about by the production of graphene involves more cost issues.
"The graphene mass-produced companies must take responsibility for their social responsibility and promote the development of graphene. They should not excessively pursue profits and low prices. This problem can be easily solved," said Liu Zhongfan.
As experts in the graphene industry say, there are too many companies in China speculating on the concept of graphene, so as to cover up the real thing. Graphene in China needs to fade away.
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