In the 11th century, with the construction of ** churches and the application of a large number of stained glass, the role of windows became decorative arts to render religious mysteries. Before the end of the 17th century, the “grid window†was constrained by the production of glass. All of them were based on the outline of the sash fan. Therefore, the function of the window at this time is only to shelter the wind and prevent thieves from invading. Until the late 17th century, with the progress of the times, the industrialization of glass production, the change in the relationship between man and nature. People realize that windows should also be purely functional—rather than just having simple lighting, viewing and sheltering. In the meantime, the British invented the right-angled vertical hinged window (that is, the casement window); the Dutch invented the hanging window (that is, the up-and-down lifting window), and the hanging window was slid in the vertical direction controlled by a pulley device. Marks the birth of the "door and window hardware system."
With the continuous development of architectural forms and functional requirements, the requirements for windows and doors are getting higher and higher. In order to meet the requirements of architecture, the role of hardware system technology in the design of doors and windows also needs to be rethought. This looks very simple, but it is not. This requires meticulous planning, guidance, and investing a lot of energy and financial resources to achieve this design goal. Hardware system development and design should have a certain degree of flexibility and flexibility. In the design and development process, "building factors" and "human factors" should be fully considered. Its decorative, functional, safety, convenience and comfort should meet the requirements of architectural design.
For the ultimate goal of the development and design of aluminum alloy door and window systems ---- a new form of doors and windows, only when the designer has a clear and complete design concept in mind, can produce a clear form of doors and windows. Therefore, in order to achieve this goal, designers must trace their problems back to the original functional factors and find certain patterns in them. Only after understanding our goals and design guidelines can we develop systems. Therefore, the system development of doors and windows and the selection or development of door and window hardware are closely linked and complement each other. More importantly, the wind pressure deformation, watertightness, airtightness, heat insulation, sound insulation, internal deformability, opening and closing, vertical load, and repeated opening and closing of doors and windows are all related to the hardware system. The hardware system is The pros and cons of the performance of the doors and windows play a decisive role, just as the door and window industry expert Prof. Li Zhiyi advocated that “hardware fittings are not supporting roles, but are the heart of doors and windowsâ€. This article was edited by the city hunters.
The diversification of door and window hardware systems
The development of architectural design concepts and the development of window systems and the further development of the machinery and materials industry, the scope of architectural hardware has also evolved from traditional simple forms to functional and specific applications. Doors and windows will be more vibrant, and the connection of energy-saving systems, lighting systems, ventilation systems and doors and windows will enable hardware to have more accurate functional characteristics and good adaptability to the relevant systems of doors and windows. A variety of hardware systems came into being, such as the current common form of the market: Wai Ping Kai Hardware, Nei Ping Kai Hardware, Nei Kai Nei He Hardware, Middle Suspended Window Hardware (Vertical Suspension), and Middle Hanging Window Hardware (level Rotary), hanging outside the window hardware, push and pull hardware, push hardware, inward smooth sliding side hardware, electric hardware, intelligent electric hardware, folding open hardware, pull hardware, ventilation devices and so on.
The following analysis of the ventilation and ventilation functions of doors and windows reveals the future direction of door and window hardware and its diversification. The 2002 edition of the "Eco-household Technology Assessment Manual of China" requires that "the conditions for drafts in the room when the doors and windows are open shall be such that more than 90% of the room's space should be able to achieve natural ventilation" (required conditions). The "Technical Essentials for Healthy House Construction" prepared by the National Center for Housing and Residential Environment Engineering in 2001 requires that "the living space of a dwelling should be naturally ventilated and free from dead corners" and "air pollution should be prevented from harming human health and stop indoor air. The invasion of pathogens and harmful substances.
During the winter heating and summer air-conditioning, there should be indoor fresh air exchange and supplementary equipment.†The above requirements indicate that natural ventilation is fully utilized, and the ventilation of windows and doors requires the installation of hardware to control the opening direction of the window sash to adjust the wind direction. The side effects of wind speed and air intake are heat loss, increase of building energy consumption burden, air entrainment of impurities, and entry of mosquitoes and flies into the room etc. In winter and summer, the indoor temperature rapidly changes with ventilation, and the summer cold air leakage leads to indoor warming, while in winter, As a result, indoor heat is rapidly and massively dissipated, and changes in the heat associated with indoor and outdoor air flow are important causes of energy consumption, accounting for approximately 20% of the building's energy consumption. Considering the ventilation time, the opening fan of the windows is often turned on and off immediately. If a window-type ventilating and ventilating hardware design with a filter device is adopted, though the ventilation effect is not obvious in time, the ventilation and ventilation are sustainable, and the indoor temperature is slowly changed, which is more suitable for the comfort and health needs. The combination of systems is carefully designed so that good Natural ventilation.