Zhang Xiaoqiang, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission, said at the 2012 Tianjin Summer Davos Forum that the “Economic Information Daily†reporter asked questions, during the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†period, the investment in key energy conservation and environmental protection projects will reach 3.6 trillion yuan. Relevant persons from the National Development and Reform Commission confirmed on the telephone on the 12th that this figure is higher than the investment scale of more than 2 trillion yuan in the "12th Five-Year Plan for Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Industry Development", and is also higher than the "12th Five-Year Plan" energy conservation and emission reduction focus. The investment scale of the project is more than 2.3 trillion yuan. The “Twelfth Five-Year Plan for Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction†released last month shows that it is estimated that the key projects for energy conservation and emission reduction during the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†period will require an investment of about 236.6 billion yuan. According to the "12th Five-Year Plan for Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Industry Development", by 2015, China's technically feasible and economically reasonable energy-saving potential exceeds 400 million tons of standard coal, which can drive investment of over one trillion yuan; the total output value of energy-saving services can be broken. 300 billion yuan; the market for industrial waste recycling is huge; the investment in urban sewage waste, desulfurization and denitrification facilities will exceed 800 billion yuan, and the total output value of environmental services will reach 500 billion yuan. Economic development has one more environmental responsibility . Once I went to a mining area in a certain place in Shanxi, I chatted with a mining leader at night and chatted. The leader suddenly said that he would go home to pick up the water. I am deeply surprised, what is the reason? He replied: Because there are too many local mining, the surface subsidence is serious, the vegetation and water system are completely destroyed, and the water supply can only be unified for two hours on time every day. After this time, there will be no more. Later, the author learned that there are still a few places with similar situations in this mining area. In many coal-producing areas, the underground was hollowed out and the shallow water system was destroyed; the surface was occupied by coal gangue, which not only destroyed the fertile land, but also spontaneously ignited, emitting a lot of harmful gases and seriously polluting the environment. Some similar places are no longer suitable for people to live. Residents nearby, rich have moved, no money to endure the harsh environment and the inconvenience of life, or waiting for the government to find another place to gather and live. The rich mineral resources did not bring them rich life. On the contrary, some foreign or related miners, who made money, went away and left environmental risks and disasters. This is a typical environmental injustice. As residents' environmental awareness increases, the conflict between local residents and miners caused by this phenomenon is increasing. They began to demand that they avoid environmental risks as much as possible, or at least share them with the beneficiaries to share these risks. In the same situation, in some local government projects, there are also mass incidents caused by environmental injustice and information opacity. The researcher of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, who has been studying mass incidents for a long time, has called environmental problems together with illegal land acquisition and labor disputes, and is called the “troika†that caused conflicts. Statistics show that the annual growth rate of mass incidents caused by environmental problems in recent years is about 30%. On the one hand, we must develop the economy. We will be in the stage of industrialization and urbanization for a long time. On the other hand, the pressure on resources and environment will continue to increase, environmental risks will be in a “high-risk periodâ€, and residents’ environmental awareness will be “upgrade periodâ€. How to deal with the contradiction between the two? In addition to the need to be strict and impartial in the EIA, the government and the residents need to be open and honest, the information is transparent, and the advantages and disadvantages of the gains and losses are clearly stated. For example, the Hongda Molybdenum and Copper Project in Shifang, Sichuan Province, was introduced by the local government in order to increase fiscal revenue, promote employment and improve people's livelihood, but residents are worried about environmental pollution caused by the project. What the government does is addition, and the residents do the subtraction. If the information is asymmetrical, it is easy to cause conflict. Therefore, the big project is not supposed to be built. The key is how to build it, where it is built, whether it has fully absorbed public opinion and fully demonstrated its argument. In the process of local governance, at the same time of economic development, there is one more environmental responsibility, and perhaps the event will develop in a more rational direction.
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