Recently, the World Trade Organization will investigate lawsuits filed by Europe, Japan and the United States on China's restrictions on rare earth exports. The Chinese government has proposed to respect the findings of the World Trade Organization, but will continue to tighten regulation of the rare earth industry. How should China respond to the competition caused by rare earths? First, the most important thing in the immediate future is to achieve the integration of the rare earth industry as soon as possible. In September 2010, the State Council issued the "Opinions on Promoting Mergers and Acquisitions of Enterprises", and for the first time listed rare earths as a list of mergers and acquisitions in key industries. The main problem at present is to coordinate the interests of the central and local governments. According to the current "two to three" goals pushed by the government, China's rare earth industry is bound to face a reshuffle. Under the pattern of rare earth “north light and heavy southâ€, the integration of light rare earth resources in the north is relatively easy, while the situation in the south is relatively complicated, and the interests of governments at all levels need to be properly coordinated to avoid resistance. As a strategic resource related to national security, rare earth needs to be planned as much as possible in the overall interests of the country. It should be said that the integration of rare earth industry is the main link to suppress disorderly exports and self-competitive competition. Second, the ad valorous rare earth resource tax is also an important choice for the development of the industry. By changing the rare earth resource tax to the ad valorem, and considering the intergenerational and environmental externalities in design, the company will increase the resource tax. The sensitivity of the reform, to promote the effective exploitation and utilization of resources by rare earth enterprises, can effectively balance the short-term production goals of rare earth enterprises and the long-term goal of effective use of resources. In 2011, the resource tax reform did not include rare earths, which made the reform of the ad valorem tax of rare earth resources lag behind crude oil and natural gas. However, the price of the former rare earths was relatively stable, and the method of collecting rare earth resources was changed from the quantitative calculation to the recovery. The timing of the price levy has arrived. Of course, the resource tax reform in the field of rare earths has been changed to ad valorem, and its tax rate setting needs to be determined according to market conditions. Third, the establishment of a rare earth trading system is of great significance for the international influence of rare earths. Taking uranium ore as an example, the international uranium ore price has a relatively strong voice. The three companies, Trade Tech, UxC and the New York Mercantile Exchange, have established a trading platform, published a price index, or determined the benchmark price to generate international uranium ore pricing. Tremendous influence. At present, China's Baotou Rare Earth Products Exchange and other trading platforms have taken a step forward. With China's share of rare earth international trade and domestic market, it may be possible to achieve the same effect. Of course, it will take time to achieve results and you need to work hard. Fourth, in the medium and long term, the sustainable development of the rare earth industry also needs to rely on its own industrial upgrading to avoid relying on the international market in the processing and utilization of rare earths. As an important strategic resource, rare earth is an important raw material for the development of related high and new technologies. It needs specific policies to support industrial upgrading, improve processing and utilization capacity, use rare earths in domestic markets as much as possible, and let its own resources contribute to its own economic development. . In addition, the strategic reserve of rare earths, export or mining needs to be further regulated, which is a positive factor for international pricing negotiations. After the price of rare earth has risen sharply, it seems that the process of developing rare earth resources has begun in the world. It is said that the capacity of mines such as the Mountain Pass in the United States, Mount Weld in Australia and Nolans Bore in Australia will reach 800,000 tons. After all, China's rare earth resource reserves account for only about 23% of the world's total. In the past, the supply of global markets relied on low prices that did not consider the cost of the environment and resources. After the unreasonable development of rare earth resources, it was not as rich as the outside world imagined. . With the re-opening of the process of developing rare earth resources in the world, the pattern of international rare earth supply will change in the future, and we need to consider it as soon as possible.
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