UPS power industry related terminology explanation

Electrical isolation: Normal AC power supply (such as UPS) receives the input power and then provides the load. If the HOT and NEUTRAL provided to the load are not physically connected to the live and neutral wires of the input terminal , this AC power supply is said to provide electrical isolation. The advantage of electrical isolation is that when there is an accident at the input power supply, it will not directly affect the electrical equipment at the load end.

Interactive: A working mode of the UPS. The basic structure consists of a bidirectional inverter, a battery, and a switch. When the grid fails, the inverter supplies power to the load. When the grid is normal, the inverter turns to charge the battery. The interactive UPS has a strong charging function, but the output has a switching time.

Backup type: A working mode of the UPS. The basic structure consists of an inverter, a battery pack, and a switch. When the grid is normal, the inverter stops outputting AC power, and the grid AC power is supplied to the load via the UPS. When the power grid fails (blackout, undervoltage, overvoltage, etc.), the UPS switches to the inverter output mode by switching the switch. This conversion process has a switching time of 3-10ms.

Float and Equal Charge: Both float and equal charge are battery charging modes.

1. Floatation working principle: When the battery is in the full state, the charger will not stop charging, it will still provide a constant float voltage and a small float current to the battery, because once the charger stops charging, the battery will naturally release energy , so the use of floating charge to balance this natural discharge, small UPS usually adopts floating charge mode.

2. Equal charge working principle: The battery is charged by constant current and fixed time, and charging is faster. This mode also helps to activate the chemistry of the battery, which is often used by professional maintenance personnel when servicing the battery.

Note: The smart charger has the function of automatically changing the float charge and equal charge according to the working state of the battery, and can fully utilize the respective advantages of the float charge and the equal charge to achieve fast charge and prolong the battery life.

Load regulation: The output voltage regulation accuracy when the load changes.

Load regulation: The output voltage regulation accuracy when the load changes.

Overload: The UPS has a specified load capacity. Overload exceeds the rated load.

Overload protection: self protection when the load is overloaded.

Overvoltage protection: When the input or output voltage exceeds the safe range, the UPS automatically performs the action of disconnecting the input or protecting the output.

Overheat protection: The power components that are most prone to heat from the UPS are equipped with temperature sensors. The UPS can be turned off or bypassed when overheated.

Power regulation rate: The output voltage regulation accuracy when the input changes.

Communication protocol: The rules that are commonly observed when interconnecting devices exchange data.

SNMP: The abbreviation of Simple Network Management Protocol. It is mainly used for monitoring, troubleshooting, and controlling TCP/IP networks. It provides a simple network management protocol for user data programming.

Input frequency range: China's power grid standard frequency is 50Hz, UPS allows mains frequency has a certain range of changes, in this range, the UPS synchronously track the frequency of the utility, if it exceeds the local frequency output.

Current peak factor (CF): The current peak factor is the ratio of the peak value of the current cycle waveform to the effective value. Since the energy absorbed by the computer load when it receives a sine wave voltage does not necessarily follow a sine law, it will produce a higher peak current (between 2.4 and 2.6 times the current). Therefore, the UPS design should provide a CF value greater than 3 Current to meet the application of computerized load.

Short circuit: refers to the DC positive and negative poles of the circuit or the AC live line directly connected to the zero and ground lines. Short circuit can cause serious overload, generate large short-circuit current, and may cause equipment to burn or even cause fire.

Ground, Neutral, and FireWire: The earth is a good conductor. The ground wire is connected to the ground via a buried electrode. The mains transmission is a three-phase system and has a neutral line. When the three phases are balanced, the neutral current is zero, which is commonly known as “zero line”. Another feature of the neutral line is that the ground line is in the overall configuration of the system. The electrical input is shorted and the voltage difference is close to zero. There are 220 voltages in the three phase and neutral lines of the three-phase electricity, which can cause electric shocks to people, commonly known as "Firewire." There are strict standards for the installation and arrangement of electrical circuits. In practice, the correct assembly of ground, neutral, and live wires in accordance with standards is critical to safety.

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC): The generic term for radiated and conducted interference in equipment.

Active power: The unit is W, which is the part of the energy that the load really absorbs and converts. It forms part of the apparent power.

Differential Mode: This refers to the mode of interference with the noise path. The noise returned from NEUTRAL from the HOT is called differential mode noise. The noise returned from the power line (HOT) or neutral line (NEUTRAL) through the ground is called common mode noise. The common noise is not the path of the common mode is the path of the differential mode, so the noise of different paths can be treated differently and eliminated by means of filtering and shielding.

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