Abstract A 110-item "China-Germany Cooperation Action Program" became the first big list of Premier Li Keqiang's visit to Europe. In this outline covering politics, economy, culture, industry, agriculture, health, social security, etc., "Industrial 4...
A 110-item "Sino-German Cooperation Action Program" became the first big list of Premier Li Keqiang's visit to Europe. In this outline covering politics, economy, culture, industry, agriculture, health, social security and other fields, the content of "Industry 4.0 Cooperation" is quite eye-catching.
"President Li Keqiang mentioned Industrial 4.0 cooperation at this time, which means that China should promote the integration of the two in a strategy of simultaneous development of industrialization and informatization." The former vice president of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and academician He Hezhen said that Industry 4.0 China is very useful and has important value for promoting economic and social development.
This is Li Keqiang’s second visit to Europe this year. "Whether it is cooperation in specific fields such as industry, agriculture, environmental protection, or cooperation at the institutional and cultural levels, it is all about innovation." China’s former ambassador to Germany, Mei Zhaorong, said that Li Keqiang’s many projects under the European talks But the soul is innovation. China and Europe will achieve new developments through joint innovation.
How to take the road of new industrialization
In the wave of informationization, no one thought that China and Germany still have a soft spot for industrial development. On October 10, local time in Berlin, China and Germany jointly issued the "Sino-German Cooperation Action Plan." In this long outline, the words "Industry 4.0 Cooperation" are extremely conspicuous.
On the same day, Miao Wei, Minister of China's Ministry of Industry and Information Industry, appeared at a forum of relevant institutions of the German Industry 4.0 platform. He wanted to hear about how China and Germany can cooperate in manufacturing innovation.
This symposium was highly valued by relevant German institutions. Expertise in German industrial companies such as the German Association for Information and Communication and New Media, the Federation of Mechanical Equipment Manufacturers, the Fraunhofer Association, Volkswagen AG, ThyssenKrupp, Bosch Group, SAP, Siemens Representatives of people and experts appeared at this symposium to tell Miao Wei about the vision and experience of German Industry 4.0. These institutions and companies are the initiators and practitioners of German Industry 4.0.
According to Huang Yanghua, assistant researcher and doctor of the Institute of Industrial Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, this is the new consensus of the two major manufacturing powers in the world on industrialization.
The so-called Industry 4.0 is based on the different stages of industrial development. According to the current consensus, Industry 1.0 is the era of steam engine, Industry 2.0 is the era of electrification, Industry 3.0 is the age of information, and Industry 4.0 is the era of using information technology to promote industrial transformation, that is, the era of intelligence.
This concept first appeared in Germany and was officially launched at the Hannover Messe in April 2013. Its core goal is to improve the competitiveness of German industry and take the lead in the new round of industrial revolution.
In layman's terms, this means that the future of industrial development will enter a smart channel. Machines no longer require manual operation, and various smart devices will be built into everything from raw materials to production to transportation. Cloud technology will connect all the elements to generate big data and automatically correct problems in production.
This will be a huge impact on traditional manufacturing. In the age of information, there was a view that manufacturing was no longer important because the information industry would subvert everything.
According to data released by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, China's manufacturing industry has already accounted for 20% of global manufacturing. However, under the influence of the world financial crisis and the informatization wave, overcapacity has become a big problem that plagued China. Manufacturing was once no longer a hot spot for capital chasing.
However, the practice in Germany proves that manufacturing is still an indispensable driving force for a country's economic growth. Since 2009, many European countries have been hit by the European debt crisis, but the German economy is unique.
In fact, the re-recognition of manufacturing is not just in Germany.
From December 2009 to February 2012, the United States has successively issued three programs, the Revitalization of the US Manufacturing Framework, the Advanced Manufacturing Partnership Program, and the National Strategic Plan for Advanced Manufacturing, to encourage manufacturing companies to return to the United States. Correspondingly, the proportion of US manufacturing in GDP began to rise, from 12% in 2010 to 15% in 2013.
Japan and South Korea, which are in the same place as China in East Asia, have also begun to strengthen support for emerging industries represented by information technology and new energy. The application of IT technology in medical and administrative fields, the development of environmentally-friendly automobiles, electric vehicles, solar power, and green technologies have all received support at the national level.
"China has always been promoting the integration of information technology and industry, but it is relatively simple." He He told reporters that Internet technology is widely used in China, but it is concentrated in the consumer field and rarely penetrates into the industry.
As early as 2002, the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed that China should take a new road to industrialization.
"Twelve years have passed, the Internet technology and production technology have changed a lot. The road to new industrialization needs to be re-recognized." Huang Yanghua said that German practice has given China a good reference, that is, to accelerate industrialization. Integration with informatization, sharing dividends in the new industrial revolution.
According to the "Sino-German Cooperation Action Program", relevant departments of China and Germany will establish an "Industry 4.0" dialogue to provide more favorable framework conditions and policy support for professional exchanges and cooperation between enterprise groups and industry associations of the two countries. China and Germany will work closely on the standard issue and incorporate the issue of “Industry 4.0†into the Sino-German Standardization Cooperation Committee.
In fact, there are already domestic companies that have begun to act. According to the German newspaper Le Monde, as of the first half of 2014, Chinese companies have completed 98 acquisitions and mergers of German companies with a total value of more than 35 billion US dollars, of which 82% were in the manufacturing of machinery, automobiles and chemicals. field.
"Premier Li Keqiang's visit to Europe mentioned Industry 4.0 is just the right time for China to help China's leap-forward development and solve various problems facing economic transformation." He said.
To product innovation, we must also innovate
An indisputable fact is that Europe is increasingly important in China's foreign cooperation.
According to customs statistics, in 2013, the bilateral trade volume between the EU and China reached 559.06 billion US dollars, making it the largest trading partner of China. This is the EU's largest trading partner since 2004 for 10 consecutive years.
"China is the second largest economy in the world, and the EU is the largest economy. China and Europe are partners in you and me who have growth in you." Wang Yizhen, director of the European Union Research Center of Renmin University of China, explains why China attaches so much importance to Europe.
In March of this year, President Xi Jinping visited the Netherlands, France, Germany and Belgium. In June, Premier Li Keqiang visited Greece and the United Kingdom. After four months, Li Keqiang visited Europe again and exchanged views with Germany, Russia and Italy.
In the eyes of foreign media, 2014 is the European year of China's diplomacy, and Wang Yizhen also quite agrees with this view. In his view, the deep cooperation between China and Europe will not only greatly promote the economic growth of both sides, but also make a positive contribution to world economic growth.
"In the case of Germany, China and Germany have always had strong complementarities in the economic field. Sino-German trade accounts for one-third of China's trade with the EU, but there is more than mutual complementarity between the two countries. There is still competition." Yi Yi said that this relationship of complementarity and competition urgently requires innovation from both sides and continues the golden season of cooperation through innovation.
The data shows that in 2013, Sino-German trade volume reached US$161.6 billion, 580 times that of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries in 1972. From January to August this year, the bilateral trade volume between China and Germany reached 117.3 billion euros, a year-on-year increase of 12%.
"China's development to the present is no longer the stage of buying innovation and using the market for technology. China needs higher levels of innovation to promote development." Wang Yizhen said that China hopes to innovate with Europe and develop Investing in strengthening cooperation and strengthening cooperation in institutional innovation, thereby promoting the economic and social development of both sides, and even promoting the development of the entire human race.
Mei Zhaorong told reporters that next year is the first year of Sino-German innovation partnership, and China and Germany should jointly innovate.
The "Sino-German Cooperation Action Program" jointly issued by China and Germany has made strategic plans for bilateral cooperation in various fields in the next five to ten years. The key point is to share innovation partnerships, especially to strengthen innovation cooperation in the industrial sector, to break the foundation of humanities exchanges, further enhance the level of bilateral cooperation, and form more cooperation results.
As an important area of ​​innovation cooperation, transportation cooperation has become an important topic of Sino-German government consultation for the first time and has been included in the "Sino-German Cooperation Action Plan". Including intelligent transportation, vehicle regulations, road traffic safety, inland navigation, environmentally friendly transportation system construction, railway and international shipping will all become important contents for future innovation cooperation between the two sides.
"In addition, cooperation with Russia's energy technology innovation and cooperation with Italy's creative innovation will be an important issue for Premier Li's trip." Wang Yizhen said.
According to Cui Hongjian, director of the European Department of the China Institute of International Studies, the economic development of China's more than 30 years of reform and opening up has been achieved through the transfer of external technology. The future development will pay more attention to quality and added value. This requires the help and support of Europe, and Europe's innovation in many fields is the world's leading level.
"China has set itself the goal of innovation, and Europe needs to lead the industry through innovation. The common appeal of both sides can be achieved through innovation." Cui Hongjian said.
High-end capacity to go out
"Innovation is related to openness, and it is impossible to innovate without opening up." Mei Zhaorong told reporters that the openness nowadays is reflected in technology, ideas, mechanisms, etc., and is no longer a simple introduction of technology.
On October 10, local time in Berlin, during the third round of Sino-German government consultations, Premier Li Keqiang used an image to describe the cooperation between China and Germany. He said that the Sino-German cooperation field and content are very broad and rich. Both sides should use wisdom, technology and patience to implement it as if they were eating crabs. They should eat the "crab" and not eat a bite.
This kind of crab-like cooperation is reflected in the "Sino-German Cooperation Action Program", and politics, economy, security, agriculture, health, culture, and social security are all listed.
"In the past, China and Germany were highly complementary, mainly because of the complementary technology and market. Now it is all-round cooperation." Mei Zhaorong said. In addition, from energy to satellite navigation, from large aircraft to infrastructure construction, will be the focus of cooperation between China and Russia. In particular, energy cooperation, in May this year, China and Russia signed the east line gas supply and sales contract, which is an important achievement of deepening cooperation.
Italy has a solid foundation in manufacturing. "This country has a great location advantage and is the end of the ancient Silk Road." Cui Hongjian said that the cooperation between China and Italy is equally profound.
"China now has the advantages of manpower, material resources and financial resources. Many developed countries do not have these comparative advantages at the same time." Wang Yizhen said that Europe is also transforming its infrastructure, some countries lack money, and some countries lack cheap. The labor force and some lack efficiency, which is precisely the opportunity for some high-end production capacity in China to go out.
In the eyes of Wang Yizhen, such high-end production capacity includes high-speed rail, national power grid [microblogging], communications industry and so on. In the past, China in the eyes of the world can transfer low-end labor-intensive excess capacity. However, in the view of Wang Yizhen, after years of development, China has already possessed some high-end capacity transfer capabilities. “With the high-speed rail, power grid, communications and other production capacity going abroad, China has not only harvested funds, but also promoted the internationalization of the RMB (6.1255, -0.0043, -0.07%) and possibly turned Chinese standards into international standards.†Wang Yizhen said that these will enhance China’s voice in the international arena.
Not only that, but under the concept of the Eurasian big market, the cooperation between China and Europe is more valuable.
The “Belt and Road†is a hot topic at the moment and an important route for China's regional economic development. The so-called "one belt" refers to the Silk Road Economic Belt, and the "One Road" is the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. This has exactly the point of integration with Europe.
Wang Yizhen told reporters that the European Union proposed the European New Silk Road Project with the goal of establishing a free trade zone from Lisbon to Vladivostok, which provides a possibility for inter-European cooperation. The onshore and maritime Silk Road is a link between Central and Central Africa and the Pacific Ocean, the Indian Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. The “Belt and Road Initiative†encourages opening to the west and promotes the development of the western region and the development of landlocked countries such as Central Asia and Mongolia.
Not only that, the European Commission has also launched the EU interconnection project, which will build the EU's core transportation network in 2030. From 2014 to 2020, the total amount of EU interconnection projects will reach 26 billion euros. It will be mainly used to build 9 transportation corridors and strive to become the “aorta†of the EU single market.
“If the EU's core transportation network can interface with China's Silk Road plan, it will be able to build a comprehensive three-dimensional interconnection network consisting of railways, highways, aviation, navigation, oil and gas pipelines, transmission lines and communication networks. Will gradually form the relevant industrial clusters for these network services, promote trade and investment facilitation, deepen economic and technological cooperation, establish a free trade zone, and eventually form a large market in Europe and Asia." Wang Yizhen said.
In terms of industrial development, China and Europe are also facing the need for reform.
"The biggest change in China-Europe relations over the past few years is that both sides are no longer satisfied with only treating each other as a trading partner." Cui Hongjian told reporters that China is no longer just a big trading country, a big manufacturing country and a big investment country. China needs a broader field to cooperate with Europe. At this point, both China and Europe need reforms. In the reform, the two sides can borrow each other.
China can learn from many European experiences in the process of further deepening reforms. For example, the UK's universal medical service system, such as Germany's Industry 4.0 strategy.
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