Because of its low energy consumption, low emissions, and low pollution, low-carbon economic development models are becoming a consensus for countries to change their economic development methods and realize sustainable development. As a responsible big country, China also attaches great importance to the development of a low-carbon economy. As early as 2007, APEC’s speech at the APEC meeting clearly stated that “the development of a low-carbon economy†and China’s “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†The plan also explicitly promised that by 2010, the target of reducing the energy consumption per unit of GDP by 20% will be determined; the major pollutants will include the target of a 10% drop in carbon dioxide emissions.
In fact, as a sublation of the traditional “high-carbon economic development modelâ€, the low-carbon economic development model not only has a significant role in improving public welfare and reducing the cost of development, it also contains some emerging industry opportunities or times. 's arrival If we can firmly seize the opportunities arising from the emerging industries in the low-carbon economic development model, and use it to promote the transformation of China’s economic development mode from a “high-carbon era†to a “low-carbon era,†it will not only have strategic significance. , And it can make the goals we advocated and promised better and faster.
Low-carbon economic development calls for strong support of national strategic planning
A new economic development model will inevitably require a certain new industry or industrial cluster to lay the industrial foundation for this kind of development model. Otherwise, this new economic development model will inevitably become a water without a source or a source.
Since the essence of the low-carbon economic development model is the low consumption of carbon-based energy coal, oil, and natural gas, the intensive use of carbon neutralization, carbon sequestration, and carbon capture technologies, and the full use of emerging clean green recycling energy and raw materials. Based on the sustainable development model, this means that the industrial base of the low-carbon economic development model will inevitably shift to emerging industries or industrial clusters with low-carbon or even non-carbon consumption. This new industry or industrial cluster must be able to fundamentally The per capita “carbon footprint†is reduced, and the destruction of human production and living to the natural ecological environment is greatly eased, and the human society is completely freed from the “curse†of the human economic development model’s prospects.
Judging from the current technological conditions that humans have, the emerging industries or clusters that are most likely to become low-carbon economic development models may be: 1. bio-industries; 2. solar energy industry; 3. nuclear energy industry; 4. wind energy, Tide energy industry; 5, seawater hydrogen energy industry and so on. At this stage, arguing which type of industry or type of industry will become the leading industry under the low-carbon economic development model does not make much sense, because the opportunities faced by this new industry in the development mode of low-carbon economy are likely to require a series of new industries. The mutual integration or integration of innovation, therefore, recognizing the opportunity of this emerging industry that is brewed under the low-carbon economic development model, and preparing in advance in the fields of national strategy, industrial policy and technological innovation planning, and waiting for emerging industries. ** It is even more important and urgent that this opportunity should be fully seized by opportunities and promote the development of low-carbon economic development models with emerging industries.
Therefore, it is of great practical significance to work hard to create conditions for writing low-carbon economy into the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†and incorporate low-carbon technology research and development into national science and technology planning. Obviously, without the strong support of national strategic planning, we will easily miss this. This kind of opportunity for emerging industries is also difficult to achieve as a strategic goal for boosting the economic development model from a “high-carbon era†to a “low-carbon era.â€
Low-carbon economy integrates industrial productivity and ecological productivity
The newly emerging industries** created under the low-carbon economic development model are still fundamentally a matter of technological and productivity innovation. They simply hope to start low-carbon economic development from the point of view of “the transformation of low-carbon consumption methods†and generate corresponding new ones. Industry ** is unrealistic, because this idea only takes into account the consumer's perspective and ignores the problem from the perspective of production. Therefore, from the perspective of technological change and productivity advancement, the core problem that the low-carbon economic development model and its emerging industries** must solve is how to integrate industrial productivity and ecological productivity under this development model. Instead of offsetting each other.
Throughout the history of humankind’s industry, there has not been a time when the industry has successfully solved this problem. For example, the massive use of steam power during the British industrial era greatly increased the level of productivity of the large machine industry. However, the massive consumption of fossil fuels by steam power has seriously polluted the natural environment of the United Kingdom. Its industrial town of London was once called "Mist", the negative effect of the industrial productivity of the British industry, apparently offsets to some extent the positive effect of industrial productivity innovation.
Like the British industry, the “Electrificationâ€-based industry in the early 20th century** and the “informatizationâ€-based industry in the late 20th century have accelerated the advancement of human social The use and consumption of basic fuels and raw materials are also increasing geometrically, and the impact of the climate warming issue is no longer limited to individual countries or regions, but rather global. Therefore, if the industrial productivity under the low-carbon economic development model is counted as x and the ecological productivity is counted as y, we hope that this emerging industry created by the low-carbon economic development model can achieve the sum of industrial productivity and ecological productivity. The effect is xy, not the difference effect xy.
From the inherent requirements of the low-carbon economic development model, that is, to realize the unity of human social system engineering under the condition of low energy consumption, low emission, and low pollution, to live in harmony, to achieve intergenerational and intergenerational equity, and to balance the development of material, spiritual and ecological consumption. From the model point of view, only by the joint efforts of government, enterprises, and citizens can the emerging industries** in the context of low-carbon economy achieve the value-in-effect of industrial productivity and ecological productivity, thereby making the development of human society completely unsustainable. The era of high-carbon economic development."
Low-carbon economic development requires institutional innovation
If we say that the emerging industries under the low-carbon economic development model will lead to a new level of productivity innovation in all countries, then it will inevitably require that the corresponding relations of production, ie various institutional conditions, be adapted accordingly. In other words, without appropriate institutional guarantees, the level of productivity under this low-carbon economy cannot be continuously renewed, and the corresponding new industries may also be delayed or terminated. Therefore, it is particularly important and urgent to innovate the existing system to adapt the production relations under the low-carbon economic development model to the level of productivity development. Specifically, innovations should mainly be made in the following systems:
- Integrate a low-carbon economy and a circular economy system to complement each other. As a large developing country, China currently does not have the conditions to immediately stop the use of carbon-based energy and raw materials. Therefore, slowing down the use of carbon-based energy and raw materials from the incremental point of view will inevitably lead to the introduction of a circular economy system. Carbon capture, carbon sequestration, carbon substitution, carbon reduction and other technical processes will be fully integrated into the circular economy model to achieve low-carbon economy and circulation. The organic integration of the economic system makes the two complement each other, first realize “low carbonization†in the industrial increment, and gradually reduce the “high carbonization†industrial stock.
——Innovation in industrial systems: Improve the industrial chain and industrial structure under the “high-carbon economic development modelâ€. The emerging industries under the conditions of low-carbon economy itself means the innovation of the existing industrial system. The core of the new industry is to improve the two dimensions of the industrial system under the existing high-carbon economic conditions: the "high-carbon industry chain" and "high Carbon Industry Structure. The first is to shorten the industrial chain derived from high-carbon industries such as energy, automobiles, steel, transportation, chemicals, building materials, etc. The carbon intensity of the unit GDP of “low carbonization†or the reduction of their creation in the upstream and downstream industrial chains of these industries should be An important direction of the current industrial system innovation; followed by adjusting the structure of high-carbon industries, and gradually reducing the proportion of high-carbon industries, especially “heavy chemical industry†economies, in the entire national economy, and promoting the extension of industries and products to both ends of the profit curve: In other words, it extends to the front end and starts with eco-design to form independent intellectual property rights; it extends to the back-end to form a brand and sales network, improves core competitiveness, and finally makes the national economy's industrial structure gradually move toward the low-carbon economy standard.
——Support the development model of low-carbon economy and the emerging industry** caused by innovation in finance and taxation system. The low-carbon economic development model and the emerging industries that it may cause must have corresponding low-carbon technology development as a support. The development of any emerging technology requires a lot of financial support, as the main body of low-carbon technology research and development - all kinds of enterprises in the process of technological development must be eager to get financial support from financial institutions and financial support from government departments. There is no need to innovate the financial and fiscal systems so that these two types of systems are more biased towards direct or indirect support for financial support for R&D and use of low-carbon technologies, as well as support for financial allocations and tax relief support. Financial and taxation system innovation to standardize low-carbon technology standards and entry barriers for newly-built enterprises, increase the use of low-carbon technologies and R&D levels for existing companies, reduce the scale and production capacity of high-carbon technology companies, and reduce carbon sources from the corporate level as quickly as possible. Therefore, these low-carbon technology-based companies will truly become the “goers†of emerging industries that are caused by low-carbon economy conditions, and will have a solid microeconomic foundation for low-carbon economic development models and the emerging industries they have created. In the end, we will make our due contributions to humanity’s embarking on a clean, green “low-carbon economy roadâ€.
In fact, as a sublation of the traditional “high-carbon economic development modelâ€, the low-carbon economic development model not only has a significant role in improving public welfare and reducing the cost of development, it also contains some emerging industry opportunities or times. 's arrival If we can firmly seize the opportunities arising from the emerging industries in the low-carbon economic development model, and use it to promote the transformation of China’s economic development mode from a “high-carbon era†to a “low-carbon era,†it will not only have strategic significance. , And it can make the goals we advocated and promised better and faster.
Low-carbon economic development calls for strong support of national strategic planning
A new economic development model will inevitably require a certain new industry or industrial cluster to lay the industrial foundation for this kind of development model. Otherwise, this new economic development model will inevitably become a water without a source or a source.
Since the essence of the low-carbon economic development model is the low consumption of carbon-based energy coal, oil, and natural gas, the intensive use of carbon neutralization, carbon sequestration, and carbon capture technologies, and the full use of emerging clean green recycling energy and raw materials. Based on the sustainable development model, this means that the industrial base of the low-carbon economic development model will inevitably shift to emerging industries or industrial clusters with low-carbon or even non-carbon consumption. This new industry or industrial cluster must be able to fundamentally The per capita “carbon footprint†is reduced, and the destruction of human production and living to the natural ecological environment is greatly eased, and the human society is completely freed from the “curse†of the human economic development model’s prospects.
Judging from the current technological conditions that humans have, the emerging industries or clusters that are most likely to become low-carbon economic development models may be: 1. bio-industries; 2. solar energy industry; 3. nuclear energy industry; 4. wind energy, Tide energy industry; 5, seawater hydrogen energy industry and so on. At this stage, arguing which type of industry or type of industry will become the leading industry under the low-carbon economic development model does not make much sense, because the opportunities faced by this new industry in the development mode of low-carbon economy are likely to require a series of new industries. The mutual integration or integration of innovation, therefore, recognizing the opportunity of this emerging industry that is brewed under the low-carbon economic development model, and preparing in advance in the fields of national strategy, industrial policy and technological innovation planning, and waiting for emerging industries. ** It is even more important and urgent that this opportunity should be fully seized by opportunities and promote the development of low-carbon economic development models with emerging industries.
Therefore, it is of great practical significance to work hard to create conditions for writing low-carbon economy into the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†and incorporate low-carbon technology research and development into national science and technology planning. Obviously, without the strong support of national strategic planning, we will easily miss this. This kind of opportunity for emerging industries is also difficult to achieve as a strategic goal for boosting the economic development model from a “high-carbon era†to a “low-carbon era.â€
Low-carbon economy integrates industrial productivity and ecological productivity
The newly emerging industries** created under the low-carbon economic development model are still fundamentally a matter of technological and productivity innovation. They simply hope to start low-carbon economic development from the point of view of “the transformation of low-carbon consumption methods†and generate corresponding new ones. Industry ** is unrealistic, because this idea only takes into account the consumer's perspective and ignores the problem from the perspective of production. Therefore, from the perspective of technological change and productivity advancement, the core problem that the low-carbon economic development model and its emerging industries** must solve is how to integrate industrial productivity and ecological productivity under this development model. Instead of offsetting each other.
Throughout the history of humankind’s industry, there has not been a time when the industry has successfully solved this problem. For example, the massive use of steam power during the British industrial era greatly increased the level of productivity of the large machine industry. However, the massive consumption of fossil fuels by steam power has seriously polluted the natural environment of the United Kingdom. Its industrial town of London was once called "Mist", the negative effect of the industrial productivity of the British industry, apparently offsets to some extent the positive effect of industrial productivity innovation.
Like the British industry, the “Electrificationâ€-based industry in the early 20th century** and the “informatizationâ€-based industry in the late 20th century have accelerated the advancement of human social The use and consumption of basic fuels and raw materials are also increasing geometrically, and the impact of the climate warming issue is no longer limited to individual countries or regions, but rather global. Therefore, if the industrial productivity under the low-carbon economic development model is counted as x and the ecological productivity is counted as y, we hope that this emerging industry created by the low-carbon economic development model can achieve the sum of industrial productivity and ecological productivity. The effect is xy, not the difference effect xy.
From the inherent requirements of the low-carbon economic development model, that is, to realize the unity of human social system engineering under the condition of low energy consumption, low emission, and low pollution, to live in harmony, to achieve intergenerational and intergenerational equity, and to balance the development of material, spiritual and ecological consumption. From the model point of view, only by the joint efforts of government, enterprises, and citizens can the emerging industries** in the context of low-carbon economy achieve the value-in-effect of industrial productivity and ecological productivity, thereby making the development of human society completely unsustainable. The era of high-carbon economic development."
Low-carbon economic development requires institutional innovation
If we say that the emerging industries under the low-carbon economic development model will lead to a new level of productivity innovation in all countries, then it will inevitably require that the corresponding relations of production, ie various institutional conditions, be adapted accordingly. In other words, without appropriate institutional guarantees, the level of productivity under this low-carbon economy cannot be continuously renewed, and the corresponding new industries may also be delayed or terminated. Therefore, it is particularly important and urgent to innovate the existing system to adapt the production relations under the low-carbon economic development model to the level of productivity development. Specifically, innovations should mainly be made in the following systems:
- Integrate a low-carbon economy and a circular economy system to complement each other. As a large developing country, China currently does not have the conditions to immediately stop the use of carbon-based energy and raw materials. Therefore, slowing down the use of carbon-based energy and raw materials from the incremental point of view will inevitably lead to the introduction of a circular economy system. Carbon capture, carbon sequestration, carbon substitution, carbon reduction and other technical processes will be fully integrated into the circular economy model to achieve low-carbon economy and circulation. The organic integration of the economic system makes the two complement each other, first realize “low carbonization†in the industrial increment, and gradually reduce the “high carbonization†industrial stock.
——Innovation in industrial systems: Improve the industrial chain and industrial structure under the “high-carbon economic development modelâ€. The emerging industries under the conditions of low-carbon economy itself means the innovation of the existing industrial system. The core of the new industry is to improve the two dimensions of the industrial system under the existing high-carbon economic conditions: the "high-carbon industry chain" and "high Carbon Industry Structure. The first is to shorten the industrial chain derived from high-carbon industries such as energy, automobiles, steel, transportation, chemicals, building materials, etc. The carbon intensity of the unit GDP of “low carbonization†or the reduction of their creation in the upstream and downstream industrial chains of these industries should be An important direction of the current industrial system innovation; followed by adjusting the structure of high-carbon industries, and gradually reducing the proportion of high-carbon industries, especially “heavy chemical industry†economies, in the entire national economy, and promoting the extension of industries and products to both ends of the profit curve: In other words, it extends to the front end and starts with eco-design to form independent intellectual property rights; it extends to the back-end to form a brand and sales network, improves core competitiveness, and finally makes the national economy's industrial structure gradually move toward the low-carbon economy standard.
——Support the development model of low-carbon economy and the emerging industry** caused by innovation in finance and taxation system. The low-carbon economic development model and the emerging industries that it may cause must have corresponding low-carbon technology development as a support. The development of any emerging technology requires a lot of financial support, as the main body of low-carbon technology research and development - all kinds of enterprises in the process of technological development must be eager to get financial support from financial institutions and financial support from government departments. There is no need to innovate the financial and fiscal systems so that these two types of systems are more biased towards direct or indirect support for financial support for R&D and use of low-carbon technologies, as well as support for financial allocations and tax relief support. Financial and taxation system innovation to standardize low-carbon technology standards and entry barriers for newly-built enterprises, increase the use of low-carbon technologies and R&D levels for existing companies, reduce the scale and production capacity of high-carbon technology companies, and reduce carbon sources from the corporate level as quickly as possible. Therefore, these low-carbon technology-based companies will truly become the “goers†of emerging industries that are caused by low-carbon economy conditions, and will have a solid microeconomic foundation for low-carbon economic development models and the emerging industries they have created. In the end, we will make our due contributions to humanity’s embarking on a clean, green “low-carbon economy roadâ€.