As an important renewable resource, hydrogen has attracted increasing attention. Hydrogen-fueled fuel cells use hydrogen and oxygen to generate electricity. They only produce water, have no vibration and noise, and truly achieve zero emissions. Promoting the use of hydrogen energy is an important national policy in Japan. In addition to the emergence of fuel cell vehicles and the emergence of a hydrogen community, the use of renewable energy to produce hydrogen has also made significant progress in Japan.
Since the hydrogen used today is mainly obtained from fossil fuels such as petroleum, the hydrogen production process requires a lot of energy, and cooling, compression, and transportation also require energy. Therefore, hydrogen is not regarded as completely clean energy, and hydrogen is produced from renewable energy. It will hopefully make hydrogen a truly "ultimate clean energy source."
For example, the output power of solar and wind power is not stable. If fluctuating electricity is used for hydrogen storage, the output power can be kept stable. This is equivalent to building a strong battery.
Since 2013, the Japanese Ministry of the Environment has led the largest offshore wind power experiment in Japan in the coastal area of ​​Komagome in the island of Goino in Nagasaki Prefecture. Although the installed capacity reaches 2 megawatts, it is enough for 1800 families, but it is due to transmission lines. The capacity is limited, so it is in power surplus.
For this reason, the use of surplus electricity to produce hydrogen has been put on the agenda. The hydrogen produced here is stored in a hydrogen tank in a liquid state for use as a fuel for hot water equipment in Fukuejima Islands in the Gogoshima Islands, and will be further applied in the future. Fuel cell vehicles and boats. The Ministry of the Environment looks forward to this effort and will be able to further popularize wind power in areas where islands and other power transmission lines have a very small capacity, thereby facilitating the reduction of CO2 emissions.
The electricity output of solar power is also unstable. When the sunshine is strong, the electricity sent out needs to be stored in the battery. Generally, it will consume light in one day, but it cannot generate electricity in cloudy days. The cost of batteries is very expensive. If the peak power is used to make hydrogen for storage, and then the fuel cell is used for power generation, the power generation needs can be maintained for at least one week, and the cost will be greatly reduced.
On April 20th this year, Kawasaki City, Kanagawa Prefecture, near Tokyo, held the demonstration experiment of the independent energy supply system “H2One†in the Kawasaki City Harbor Promotion Hall. The system uses solar power to produce hydrogen, and then uses hydrogen fuel cells to generate electricity, thereby reducing the dependence on thermal power stations.
The "H2One" system is very powerful in dealing with disasters. After a natural disaster occurs, the system will be transported to the disaster area with flatbed vehicles, which will continuously provide electricity and warm water. In the future, when such equipment is installed in a hydrogen refueling station, hydrogen can be produced at any time, and the cost of transporting hydrogen can also be reduced. As a result, inexpensive hydrogen can be provided, which greatly promotes the popularization of fuel cell vehicles.
Toshiba Corporation, Japan's leader in hydrogen energy development, has developed a detailed hydrogen energy strategy. On April 6th, Toshiba Corporation held the "Hydrogen Research and Development Center" listing ceremony in Fuchu City, Tokyo, to develop technologies that lead the hydrogen community, such as hydrogen production from renewable energy. Toshiba's goal is to use renewable energy to electrolyze water. Hydrogen production, and hydrogen as a by-product of the petrochemical and steel industries, has led to the development of a hydrogen community and increased self-sufficiency in Japan's energy resources.
In addition to wind energy and solar energy, the invisible sewage sludge is also expected to become an important raw material for hydrogen production. Since 2014, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism has been piloting the use of biogas-efficient hydrogen production technology in Fukuoka City, and is preparing to use the sludge produced by the central water treatment center in Fukuoka City to produce hydrogen. It is estimated that the potential for hydrogen production from sewage sludge in Japan will reach approximately 130 million square meters per year. As technology matures, hydrogen produced using sludge is expected to soon enter people's lives.
According to Toshiba’s statistics, in 2030, the global market for fuel cell power generation facilities, fuel cell vehicles, and other hydrogen-related infrastructure will reach 40 trillion yen (US$12.5 million), and by 2050, It will further expand to 160 trillion yen. It can be said that it is precisely because of this huge market potential that the Japanese government and companies attach great importance to the use of hydrogen energy and strive to grasp the commanding heights in the field of international hydrogen energy and seize huge business opportunities through hydrogen generation from renewable energy sources.
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