The demand for autumn cabbage is relatively large in the market, so there are more plantings. However, during the planting period, autumn cabbage will have various diseases, which seriously affect the quality and yield of cabbage, causing great losses to farmers. Today, I will share with you the causes and prevention measures of the main diseases of autumn cabbage.
Causes of main diseases of autumn cabbage and its control measures
Causes of autumn cabbage
1. Relationship between climate and disease
Under rainy conditions, the base of water-immersed cabbage leaves its hypoxia, so the wound is not easy to heal, soft rot is easy to invade by wounds; high temperature and drought are prone to virus disease, drought is conducive to aphid reproduction and activity, not conducive to cabbage growth, disease resistance It is weak, and aphids are the main medium for the spread of viral diseases; high temperature and high humidity are conducive to the production, germination and invasion of downy mildew sporangia.
2. The relationship between different growth stages and morbidity
The temperature of the seedlings before the Qiye period is high, and the incidence of aphids is high. It is easy to cause the virus pathogens to invade from the wounds, resulting in the inability to form a ball. The damage is serious; the cabbage is susceptible to downy mildew during the rosette period to the heart-filling period; Poor force, prone to soft rot. Saline-alkali soil, excessive application of ammonium sulfate or uneven application caused by burning roots, excessive seedling time, soil water shortage, etc. are likely to cause dry heartburn.
Autumn cabbage disease prevention and control measures
1. Choose resistant varieties and arrange your mouth properly
It is advisable to choose high-quality disease-resistant Longbai No.7, Zhengbai No.4, Beijing New No.3 and Fengkang70. Generally, the green cultivar has good resistance to downy mildew, soft rot and viral diseases, and is suitable for planting heavy plots in the old cabbage area. Reasonably arrange the mouthwash, and gramine crops or onions and garlic crops to avoid continuous cropping with cruciferous, melon and solanaceous vegetables, which can effectively alleviate the common diseases of Chinese cabbage.
2. Agricultural control
Weeding and pest control, eliminating the source of sterilization. Seedling lime 750 kg/hm2 to control Chinese cabbage soft rot. Increase the application of phosphorus, potassium fertilizer and calcium and manganese, and re-apply the already decomposed organic fertilizer.
3. Chemical control
One is viral disease. The virus disease is transmitted by aphids, and the aphids should be controlled in time. The commonly used agents are 2.5% deltamethrin 3,000 times solution, 2.5% kungfu emulsifiable oil 4,000 to 5,000 times liquid, 21% killing 毙 4 000 times liquid, 40% music. Fruit 1000 times liquid. On this basis, the initial stage of the disease is sprayed with 1.5% of the phytotoxic No. II emulsion 1000 times solution and 20% of the virus A wettable powder 500 times solution, sprayed once every 10 days, and even sprayed 2 to 3 times. The second is downy mildew. In the rosette to the sapling period, spray protective agents such as 80% mancozeb wettable powder 1000 times liquid, spray 50% metalaxyl or mancozeb WP 500 times after the diseased plant. The third is soft rot. Small water is poured; the drainage is done after the rain, the wounds of the cabbage are reduced or the wound healing is promoted, and the new disease is prevented by the early stage of the disease. From the seedling stage to the rosette stage, spray 72% streptomycin sulfate wettable powder 3,000~4 000 times liquid, 53.8% can kill 2 000 times liquid, 47% garinong wettable powder 800 times liquid, control 10 times every 10 days Second, continuous 2 to 3 times; with Fengling 2.25 ~ 3.75 kg / hm2 to 1.5 t water or spray Fengling 1.50 ~ 2.25 kg / hm2, control 750 kg of water. The fourth is to dry heart. Watering in time and spraying 1% superphosphate solution, or naphthalene acetic acid 2,000 times solution and 0.7% calcium oxide mixture, or 0.7% manganese sulfate solution, 5 to 7 days for 1 time, and prevent 3 times.
4, comprehensive prevention
The single control technology measures are not particularly satisfactory for the control of cabbage diseases, and it is difficult to achieve 100% control effect. Therefore, comprehensive prevention and control methods should be adopted. In the first year of the disease, the disease-resistant variety should be replaced in the second year, and pre-prevention drugs should be taken, and the possible diseases should be predicted according to the climatic conditions, so that targeted pesticide spraying can be carried out in order to effectively control the disease. Occurs to improve the quality and yield of cabbage.
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